What is Tonsillitis? – Symptoms, Causes and Ayurveda Treatment

Abstract

Tonsillitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils, commonly caused by viral or bacterial infections, particularly Streptococcus pyogenes. It manifests with symptoms like sore throat, fever, difficulty in swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. While conventional allopathic treatments involve antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, Ayurveda provides a holistic management strategy that focuses on balancing doshas, strengthening immunity, and detoxification. In this article, we are going to study the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, Ayurvedic overview and Ayurvedic management in detail. Also, we will also look at various effective herbal formulations of Planet Ayurveda for the management of tonsillitis.

Introduction

Tonsillitis is a frequently encountered condition, especially among children and young adults, marked by inflammation of the palatine tonsils. These lymphatic tissues, located in the oropharynx, act as the first line of defence against inhaled or ingested pathogens. Tonsillitis can be either acute, resolving within a few days, or chronic, persisting or recurring over time. Viral infections are the most common cause, though bacterial agents are also implicated. While antibiotics are often prescribed, recurrence and antibiotic resistance are growing concerns. In Ayurveda, tonsillitis is closely related to Tundikeri, a disease of the throat region described in classical texts, and is managed through both local and systemic approaches involving herbs, procedures, and lifestyle modifications.

Types of Tonsillitis

Tonsillitis can be classified based on the duration, frequency, and causative agent of the inflammation. The main types include:

1. Acute Tonsillitis

Acute tonsillitis is a sudden inflammation of the tonsils that typically lasts for 3 to 7 days. It is most commonly caused by viral infections such as adenovirus or influenza, though bacterial causes like Streptococcus pyogenes are also seen. Symptoms include sore throat, fever, painful swallowing and visibly swollen tonsils. The condition often resolves on its own or with minimal medical intervention.

2. Chronic Tonsillitis

Chronic tonsillitis is characterised by long-lasting inflammation or frequent episodes that persist over weeks. It is often bacterial in origin and may result from untreated or partially treated acute infections. Common symptoms include persistent sore throat, halitosis (bad breath), and enlarged tonsils with deep crypts. This type may lead to complications such as tonsillar stones or peritonsillar abscesses.

3. Recurrent Tonsillitis

Recurrent tonsillitis involves multiple episodes of acute inflammation within a year, commonly five to seven or more. This form is generally bacterial and may be associated with antibiotic resistance or weak immune defence. Patients, particularly children, experience repeated bouts of sore throat and fever, which can significantly affect daily activities. Surgical removal of the tonsils (tonsillectomy) is often considered in severe or frequent cases.

Causes of Tonsillitis

Viral infections are the most frequent cause of tonsillitis, although bacterial infections can also be responsible.

• Viral tonsillitis: Up to 70% of tonsillitis cases are caused by viruses, such as those that lead to the common cold or flu. In most instances, viral tonsillitis presents with milder symptoms compared to the bacterial form.
• Bacterial tonsillitis: Some cases of tonsillitis are caused by bacteria, particularly Group A Streptococcus. This type is commonly referred to as strep throat. Even individuals who have had their tonsils removed can still get strep throat, as it affects the throat tissue itself. Bacterial tonsillitis usually results in more severe symptoms than viral tonsillitis.

Signs and Symptoms of Tonsillitis

A sore throat is typically the earliest and most noticeable sign of tonsillitis. If anyone experiences a sudden onset of throat pain, it is important to observe their tonsils for signs of redness, swelling, or visible changes in appearance.

Common symptoms of tonsillitis include:

• A sore or scratchy throat
• Pain or discomfort while swallowing
• Red and swollen tonsils and throat
• Presence of white spots or patches on the tonsils
• A white, yellow, or grey coating on the surface of the tonsils
• Fever higher than 100.4°F (38°C)
• Swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck below the ears
• Stomach pain or vomiting (especially in younger children)

Diagnosis of Tonsillitis

Physical examination

During a physical examination for tonsillitis, the healthcare provider closely inspects the throat for redness, swelling, and the presence of white patches or pus on the tonsils. They will also check the ears and nasal passages for signs of infection and feel the lymph nodes in the neck to determine if they are swollen or tender. Additionally, the provider may ask about associated symptoms such as fever, cough, or stomach pain to help narrow down the diagnosis.

Lab tests

• Throat Swab: Collects a sample from the back of the throat and tonsils to detect infection.
• Rapid Strep Test: Provides quick results to confirm or rule out strep throat caused by Group A Streptococcus.
• Throat Culture: A more accurate follow-up test if the rapid test is negative or inconclusive; results take 1–2 days.
• Complete Blood Count (CBC): Helps differentiate between viral and bacterial infections and assess the severity.

Allopathic Management

Allopathic treatment includes the use of antipyretics, analgesics, and antibiotics (like Amoxicillin or Azithromycin) for bacterial infections. Chronic or recurrent tonsillitis may require tonsillectomy, especially when complications like abscess or airway obstruction occur.

Ayurvedic Overview

Tundikeri is a disease entity described under Mukha Roga (diseases of the oral cavity) in Ayurvedic classics. It is characterised by a swelling at the base of the Hanu Sandhi (temporomandibular joint), resembling the fruit of Vanakarpasa (wild cotton). Based on its clinical presentation and symptoms, Tundikeri can be correlated with the modern condition known as tonsillitis.

In the Sushruta Samhita, Tundikeri is classified under Talugata Roga (diseases of the palate), where it is described as a painful and expanding lesion associated with a burning sensation and suppuration. Acharya Vagbhata also refers to a condition called Tundikerika, which manifests in the Hanu Sandhi region. Hence, according to Ayurvedic texts, the condition may occur in the Talu Pradesha (palate) or Kantha Pradesha (throat) of the oral cavity. This highlights the importance of carefully examining both the Talu and Kantha regions when diagnosing and treating Tundikeri.

Ancient Verse

According to Acharya Sushruta, Tundikeri is a condition caused by the vitiation of Kapha and Rakta doshas. It is characterised by Shotha (swelling), Toda (pricking pain), Daha (burning sensation), and Prapaka (suppuration or pus formation), indicating an inflammatory and infectious process in the oropharyngeal region.

Acharya Vagbhata describes Tundikeri as a swelling resembling the shape of Karpasi Phala (cotton fruit), located in the Hanusandhi Ashrita Kantha—the region near the base of the temporomandibular joint extending toward the throat. The swelling is noted to be Pichchhila (slimy in consistency), associated with Manda Ruk (mild pain), and presents as a firm mass. This aligns closely with the clinical features observed in tonsillitis.

Ayurvedic Management of Tonsillitis

In Tundikeri (similar to Tonsillitis), Adhrush (similar to Palatitis), Kurma (similar to Adenoma of the palate), Mnasanghat (similar to Fibroma) and Talupupput (similar to Epulis of the palate), the above method (Used in Galashundika) should be used, and especially Shastrakarma should be done.

Acharya Sushruta has described the treatment of Tundikeri in accordance with the management principles of Galashundika. He has recommended both surgical procedures—Bhedana (incision) and Chhedana (excision)—as part of the therapeutic approach for this condition.

There are various herbs in Ayurveda that are widely used in the management of Tonsillitis. These may include Neem (Azadirachta indica), Kutki (Picrorhiza kurroa), Rasna (Pluchea lanceolata), Atisa (Aconitum heterophyllum), Patha (Cissampelos pareira), and Vacha (Acorus calamus), etc.

Panchakarma in Tonsillitis

According to Acharya Charak

• Dhoomapana (Medicated Smoke Inhalation): Inhalation of herbal smoke to clear respiratory channels and reduce inflammation.
• Pradhamana Nasya (Errhine Therapy): Administration of dry powdered herbs through the nasal route to eliminate Kapha-related disorders.
• Virechana (Purgation Therapy): Therapeutic use of purgatives to cleanse excess Pitta and toxins from the intestines.
• Vamana (Emesis Therapy): Induced vomiting to expel excess Kapha dosha and detoxify the upper gastrointestinal tract.
• Langhana (Fasting or Light Diet): A fasting or light dietary regimen used to enhance digestion and reduce Ama (toxins).

According to Acharya Sushruta

• Gandusha (Oil Holding or Oil Pulling): Holding medicated oil or decoction in the mouth without movement for oral detoxification and throat health.
• Kavala (Gargling or Oil Swishing): Gargling with herbal decoctions or oils by swishing in the mouth to strengthen oral tissues and reduce infections.
• Pratisarana (Herbal Paste Application): Rubbing or applying medicated powders or pastes directly onto the gums or tonsillar area for local healing.
• Dhoomapana (Medicated Smoke Inhalation)

 

Herbal Remedies For Tonsillitis By Planet Ayurveda

Planet Ayurveda in Mohali offers a wide range of classical and proprietary Ayurvedic medicines made from 100% pure and standardised herbal extracts. All formulations are free from chemicals, preservatives, and artificial additives, ensuring safety and efficacy. The medicines are carefully prepared under the guidance of expert Ayurvedic doctors, maintaining traditional principles. These herbal remedies are used to manage chronic conditions naturally and effectively, without side effects. Here, in this article, we will discuss some of the Herbal formulations of Planet Ayurveda that are really effective in the management of Tonsillitis:

• Khadiradi Vati – 4 to 5 tabs throughout the day to be used as lozenges
• Septrin tablet – 2 tablets twice daily
• Fev-Lo Capsule – 1 Capsule twice daily
• Fluendza Capsules – 1 Capsule twice daily
• Tulsi capsule – 1 Capsule twice daily
• Vara Churna – Make a decoction and use as gargles 2-3 times a day

Product Description

1. Khadiradi Vati

This is a classical formulation that contains ingredients like Khadira (Acacia catechu), Arimeda (Acacia leucophloea), Karpoora (Cinnamomum camphora), Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia), Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa) and many more. Ingredients like Khadira (Acacia catechu) and Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia) help reduce swelling and inflammation in the tonsillar region, while Karpoora (Cinnamomum camphora) offers potent antimicrobial action against the underlying infections. Karpoora (Cinnamomum camphora) and Dhataki (Woodfordia fruticosa) also provide relief from throat pain, burning sensation, and irritation. Regular use supports oral hygiene and helps prevent secondary infections. As a lozenge, it ensures prolonged local action, giving quicker and targeted relief.

Dosage: 4 to 5 tablets throughout the day to be used as lozenges

2. Septrin Tablet

This is an effective formulation of Planet Ayurveda that contains ingredients Guggul (Commiphora mukul), Haldi (Curcuma longa), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), Sonth (Zingiber officinale) and many more. Guggul and Haldi help reduce swelling, redness, and inflammation in the tonsils. Tulsi, Haldi, and Marich offer strong antimicrobial and antiviral properties that target the root cause of infection, whether viral or bacterial. Tulsi and Pippali enhance the body’s immune response, reducing the chances of recurrent throat infections. Sonth, Pippali, and Marich act as natural mucolytics and expectorants, helping to loosen and expel mucus from the throat and respiratory tract. The heating and soothing effects of Sonth and Marich provide relief from throat pain, irritation, and scratchiness. Together, these herbs offer a holistic approach to treating both acute and chronic tonsillitis.

Dosage: 2 tablets twice daily with normal water after meals.

3. Fev-Lo Capsule

This formulation of Planet Ayurveda contains various ingredients like Sudarshan (Crinum latifolium), Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata), Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), Godanti Bhasma (Purified Gypsum), and Harshringar (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis). The ingredients like Sudarshan (Crinum latifolium) and Harshringar (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis) help reduce inflammation and throat pain, providing relief from swollen tonsils. Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) offers potent antipyretic and antiviral effects, targeting the root cause of viral tonsillitis. Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) strengthens the immune system, reducing the risk of recurrent infections. Additionally, Godanti Bhasma (Purified Gypsum) provides a soothing and cooling effect that helps manage fever and throat irritation. Together, these ingredients offer holistic support in the Ayurvedic management of tonsillitis.

Dosage: 1 Capsule twice daily with normal water after meals.

4. Fluendza Capsules

Fluendza Capsule is a potent herbal formulation containing Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Amla (Emblica officinalis), Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia), and Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), each known for its immune-supporting and anti-inflammatory properties. In the management of tonsillitis, this combination works by reducing throat inflammation and fighting off infections. Tulsi and Turmeric possess strong antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects that help soothe irritated tonsils and reduce pain. Amla and Giloy act as powerful immunomodulators, enhancing the body’s resistance against recurrent throat infections. Black Pepper improves bioavailability and aids in respiratory detoxification. Together, these herbs provide comprehensive support by relieving symptoms, boosting immunity, and preventing the recurrence of tonsillitis.

Dosage: 1 Capsule twice daily with normal water after meals.

5. Tulsi Capsule

Tulsi Capsules by Planet Ayurveda are made from pure standardised extract of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), a revered herb in Ayurveda known for its broad-spectrum medicinal properties. In the management of tonsillitis, Tulsi acts as a powerful natural antimicrobial, effectively combating the bacteria and viruses responsible for throat infections. Its strong anti-inflammatory action helps reduce swelling, redness, and pain in the tonsils. Tulsi also possesses immunomodulatory properties, enhancing the body’s natural defence mechanism and reducing the frequency of recurrent infections. Additionally, it provides relief from throat irritation, cough, and congestion often associated with tonsillitis. Regular use of Tulsi Capsules supports faster recovery while preventing further aggravation of symptoms.

Dosage: 1 Capsule twice daily with normal water after meals.

6. Vara Churna

Vara Churna by Planet Ayurveda, a blend of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula), Bibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica), and Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), offers effective support in the management of tonsillitis when used as a decoction for gargling. Preparing a warm decoction from this churna and using it as a gargle 2–3 times a day helps reduce inflammation, soothe throat irritation, and cleanse the infected area. The antimicrobial and astringent properties of Triphala assist in controlling the spread of infection and promoting local healing of the tonsils. Additionally, it helps remove toxins and Ama from the oral cavity and throat region. This practice not only relieves symptoms like pain and swelling but also supports faster recovery and prevents recurrence. Regular gargling with Vara Churna decoction serves as a natural and effective local treatment for tonsillitis.

Dosage: Make a decoction and use as gargles 2-3 times a day

Conclusion

Tonsillitis, though often considered a minor ailment, can impact quality of life if recurrent or left untreated. While modern medicine offers effective symptomatic relief, integrating Ayurvedic principles provides a deeper healing approach by addressing root causes, enhancing immunity, and preventing recurrence. Herbal remedies, Panchakarma therapies, and diet modifications together offer a comprehensive management strategy. Embracing Ayurvedic treatment of tonsillitis not only ensures long-term relief but also promotes overall throat and respiratory health.